Metabolic surgery for type 2 diabetes
David E Cummings
Clinicians note that bariatric operations can dramatically resolve type 2 diabetes, often before and out of proportion to postoperative weight loss. Now two randomized controlled trials formally show superior results from surgical compared with medical diabetes care, including among only mildly obese patients. The concept of 'metabolic surgery' to treat diabetes has taken a big step forward.
Topic: Guts over glory - why diets fail
Rachel Larder and Stephen O'Rahilly
Losing weight can pose a challenge, but how to avoid putting those pounds back on can be a real struggle. A major health problem for obese people is that diseases linked to obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, put their lives at risk, even in young individuals. Although bariatric surgery[mdash]a surgical method to reduce or modify the gastrointestinal tract[mdash]was originally envisioned for the most severe cases of obesity, evidence suggests that the benefit of this procedure may not be limited to the staggering weight loss it causes. Endogenous factors released from the gut, and modified after surgery, may explain why bariatric surgery can be beneficial for obesity-related diseases and why operated individuals successfully maintain the weight loss. In 'Bedside to Bench,' Rachel Larder and Stephen O'Rahilly peruse a human study with dieters who regained weight despite a successful diet. Appetite-regulating hormones in the gut may be responsible for this relapse in the long term. In 'Bench to Bedside,' Keval Chandarana and Rachel Batterham examine how two different methods of bariatric surgery highlight the relevance of gut-derived hormones not only in inducing sustained weight loss but also in improving glucose homeostasis. These insights may open new avenues to bypass the surgery and obtain the same results with targeted drugs.
Topic: Metabolic insights from cutting the gut
Keval Chandarana and Rachel L Batterham
Losing weight can pose a challenge, but how to avoid putting those pounds back on can be a real truggle. A major health problem for obese people is that diseases linked to obesity, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, put their lives at risk, even in young individuals. Although bariatric surgery[mdash]a surgical method to reduce or modify the gastrointestinal tract[mdash]was originally envisioned for the most severe cases of obesity, evidence suggests that the benefit of this procedure may not be limited to the staggering weight loss it causes. Endogenous factors released from the gut, and modified after surgery, may explain why bariatric surgery can be beneficial for obesity-related diseases and why operated individuals successfully maintain the weight loss. In 'Bedside to Bench,' Rachel Larder and Stephen O'Rahilly peruse a human study with dieters who regained weight despite a successful diet. Appetite-regulating hormones in the gut may be responsible for this relapse in the long term. In 'Bench to Bedside,' Keval Chandarana and Rachel Batterham examine how two different methods of bariatric surgery highlight the relevance of gut-derived hormones not only in inducing sustained weight loss but also in improving glucose homeostasis. These insights may open new avenues to bypass the surgery and obtain the same results with targeted drugs.
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