Effect of population screening for type 2 diabetes

Effect of population screening for type 2 diabetes
by Medical Xpress August 24, 2017
"Three large trials published today in Diabetologia (the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes) show that screening for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors may not reduce mortality and cardiovascular disease in the general population. However, for individuals diagnosed with diabetes, screening is associated with a reduction in mortality and cardiovascular disease risk. " full text

Articles mentioned in this news:

• Simmons (2017). Effect of population screening for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors on mortality rate and cardiovascular events: a controlled trial among 1,912,392 Danish adults
• Simmons (2017). Effect of screening for type 2 diabetes on risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a controlled trial among 139,075 individuals diagnosed with diabetes in Denmark between 2001 and 2009
• Feldman (2017). Screening for type 2 diabetes: do screen-detected cases fare better?
• Simmons (2017). Should we screen for type 2 diabetes among asymptomatic individuals? Yes
• Shaw (2017). Does the evidence support population-wide screening for type 2 diabetes? No

continuing professional education

Continuing Professional Education & Glossary by JECH


2008

• Hruschka (2008/11). A glossary of culture in epidemiology
• Gunasekara (2008/10). Glossary for econometrics and epidemiology
• Freeman (2008/9).Gone viral? Heard the buzz? A guide for public health practitioners and researchers on how Web 2.0
• Millar (2008/8). Glossary of terms relating to capture–recapture methods
• Starfield (2008/7). The concept of prevention: a good idea gone astray?
• Bambra (2008/1). The welfare state: a glossary for public health

2007

• Bambra (2007/12). The psychosocial and health effects of workplace reorganisation. 2. A systematic review of task restructuring interventions
• De Mario (2007/10). Income inequality measures
• Laurent (2007/08). Effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between atmospheric pollution and mortality
• Rutherford (2007/08). Violence: a glossary, and Violence: a priority for public health? (part 2)
• Bambra (2007/07). A politics of health glossary
• Whitehead (2007/06). A typology of actions to tackle social inequalities in health
• Deary (2007/05). Cognitive epidemiology
• Moore (2007/04). Public health preparedness: a systems-level approach
• Decullier (2007/03). Oral presentation bias: a retrospective cohort study
• Burger (2007/03). A glossary on psychiatric epidemiology
• Rezaeian (2007/02).Geographical epidemiology, spatial analysis and geographical information systems: a multidisciplinary glossary
• Tite (2007/01). Why do peer reviewers decline to review? A survey

2006

• A glossary for the social epidemiology of work organisation
• Benach (2006/11). Part 1, Terms from social psychology
• Muntaner (2006/12). Part 2 Terms from the sociology of work and organisations
• Hadden (2007/01). Part 3, Terms from the sociology of labour markets
• Bray (2006/10). Advanced paternal age: How old is too old?
• Baum (2006/10). Participatory action research
• Whittaker (2006/10). Pragmatic randomised controlled trials in parenting research: the issue of intention to treat
• Alvarez-Dardet (2006/08). Democratisation and health after the fall of the Wall
• Susser (2006/08). A personal history: social medicine in a South African setting, 1952–5. Part 2: Social medicine as a calling: ups, downs, and politics in Alexandra Township
• Labonte (2006/08). Glossary of the World Trade Organisation and public health: part 1    
• Labonte (2006/09). Glossary on the World Trade Organisation and public health: part 2   
• Carpiano (2006/07). A guide and glossary on postpositivist theory building for population health
• Popay (2006/07). Whose theory is it anyway?
• Dunn (2006/07). Speaking theoretically about population health
• Vagero (2006/07). Where does new theory come from?
• Carpiano (2006/07). Theory building on the high seas of population health: Love Boat, Mutiny on the Bounty, or Poseidon Adventure
• Hernan (2006/07). Estimating causal effects from epidemiological data
• Loue (2006/06). Community health advocacy
• Eriksson (2006/05). Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and the relation with health: a systematic review
• Waters (2006/04). Evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions: the role and activities of the Cochrane Collaboration
• Barreto (2006/03). Infectious diseases epidemiology
• King (2006/03). What same sex civil partnerships may mean for health
• Galobardes (2006/01). Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 1), and (part 2)

2005

• Agyemang (2005/12). Labelling African origin populations in the health arena in the 21st       
• Nguyen (2005/11). Terms in reproductive and perinatal epidemiology: I. Reproductive terms
• Nguyen (2005/12). Terms in reproductive and perinatal epidemiology: 2. Perinatal terms
• Krantz (2005/10). Violence against women
• Merlo. A brief conceptual tutorial on multilevel analysis in social epidemiology:
• 2005/09. Investigating contextual phenomena in different groups of people
• 2005/12. Interpreting neighbourhood differences and the effect of neighborhood characteristics on individual health
• 2006/04. Using measures of clustering in multilevel logistic regression to investigate contextual phenomena
• De Silva (2005/08). Social capital and mental illness: a systematic review
• McKee (2005/08). International cooperation and health. Part I: issues and concepts and Part 2: making a difference
• Baum (2005/07). Wealth and health: the need for more strategic public health research
• Neutra (2005/07). Glossary of terms used when discussing exposure to electric and magnetic fields
• Lindstrom (2005/06). Salutogenesis
• Merlo (2005/06). A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel analysis in social epidemiology
• Krieger (2005/04). Embodiment: a conceptual glossary for epidemiology
• Khawaja (2005/04). Poverty
• Pless (2005/03). Injury prevention: a glossary of terms
• Spencer (2005/02). Social paediatrics
• Barnett (2005/02). Excess in cardiovascular events on Mondays: a meta-analysis and prospective study
• McLaren (2005/01). Ecological perspectives in health research

2004

• Hawe (2004/12). A glossary of terms for navigating the field of social network analysis
• Halliday (2004/11). Genetics and public health—evolution, or revolution?
• Regidor (2004/10). Measures of health inequalities: part 1 and part 2
• Mackenbach (2004/09). Streets of Paris, sunflower seeds, and Nobel prizes. Reflections on the quantitative paradigm of public health
• Kawachi (2004/09). Five American authors on wealth, poverty, and inequality
• Almeida-Filho (2004/09). Saramago’s All the Names and the epidemiological dream
• Berridge (2004/09). History of addictions
• Delgado-Rodriguez (2004/08). Bias
• Rychetnik (2004/07). A glossary for evidence based public health
• Bhopal (2004/06). Glossary of terms relating to ethnicity and race: for reflection and debate
• Chapman (2004/05). Advocacy for public health: a primer
• Hernan (2004/04). A definition of causal effect for epidemiological research
• Jefferson (2004/04). Peer review
• Howden-Chapman (2004/03). Housing standards: a glossary of housing and health
• Barker (2004/02). Developmental origins of adult health and disease
• Rodriguez-Artalejo (2004/02). Cardiovascular epidemiology and prevention
• Tunstall (2004/01). Places and health

2003

• Illich (2003/12). Medical nemesis
• Kuh (2003/10). Life course epidemiology
• Mindell (2003/09). A glossary for health impact assessment
• Malats (2003/06). Basic molecular genetics for epidemiologists
• Malats (2003/07). Basic glossary on genetic epidemiology
• Malats (2003/08). Advanced glossary on genetic epidemiology
• Baum (2003/05). Social capital
• Berridge (2003/03). Public health history
• Garcia (2003/01). A glossary for research in occupational health 

how to estimate the risk and relative risk from logistic regression

How to estimate the risk and relative risk from logistic regression of a case-control study (OR to RR)
One advantage of odds ratios is that we can estimate it in a case-control study, when we usually oversample the cases. However, we cannot directly calculate the probability using logistic regression in a case-control study, since the beta(0) of the case-control study cannot represent the target population, which beta(0) of the target population is equal to beta(0) of the case-control study - log(sampling probability for cases/sampling probability for controls).

• King (2004). Inference under full population information in "Case-Control Studies, Inference in" of Encyclopedia of Biopharmaceutical Statistics
• Zhang (1998). What's the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes
• Greenland (1981). Multivariate estimation of exposure-specific incidence from case-control studies
• Austin (2010). Overestimation of risk ratios by odds ratios in trials and cohort studies: alternatives to logistic regression
• Austin (2011). A Tutorial on Methods to Estimating Clinically and Policy-Meaningful Measures of Treatment Effects in Prospective Observational Studies: A Review
• Spiegelman (2005). Easy SAS calculations for risk or prevalence ratios and differences
• Bartlett (2015). Estimating risk ratios from observational data in Stata
• Chui (2013). A Regression-Based Method for Estimating Risks and Relative Risks in Case-Base Studies
• Knol (2012). Overestimation of risk ratios by odds ratios in trials and cohort studies: alternatives to logistic regression